From: sorin cosofret <sorincosofret@pleistors.eu>
Subject: Hydropower plant of the future and Galileo experiments
HYDROPOWER PLANT OF THE FUTURE AND GALILEO EXPERIMENTS
Apparently, this newsletter is not of general interest for a lot of present scientists. These topics are going to be part of the curriculum for the future generation of schoolchildren and students though, so please bear with me a half an hour from your time and read the content of this newsletter.
The first section proposes a new technology for hydroelectric power plants able to double their outputs keeping the input constant. This achievement supposes to use the present infrastructure of dams and change only the turbines.
Tupridac, the name of this technology, is an acronym coming from the Romanian expression - turbine with internal pressure and double drive; both the rotor and the ,,stator” are moving.
In previous newsletters about energy production a reaction turbine has been proposed for gases.
The same idea can be applied for hydraulic turbine and such a turbine is presented here. There are only 4 nozzles and 4 ducts used for liquid ejection and they are arranged at 90 º apart in order to avoid any drag or secondary interaction.
It is assumed in scientific literature that presently used hydraulic turbine have an efficiency between 85 to 95%. With the new set up, the proposed simple reaction turbine has to be more efficient and by sure it is going to appear as having a supra unitary yield. Someone has to read the previous newsletter about the yield of a process and understand the reasons some yields appear as having supra unitary values.
But this is not all….
Even for a simple layman, when analyzing the working principle of a reaction turbine, it can be observed that ejected fluid through nozzles, carrying a lot of momentum and energy hits the external case and lose them without producing any mechanical work.
What if the external case is replaced with a second turbine let us say a Pelton type with buckets on the internal side?
In this case, the ejected fluid from rotary nozzles of the internal turbine hits the buckets of the external turbine and set it in motion.
It is important to highlight that internal turbine and external turbines rotates in opposite direction.
Internal turbine rotates as result of a reaction and the external turbine rotates as result of an action and this is the principle of double driving mode.
Of course there are necessary some preliminary studies to optimize the angle of fluid ejection from internal turbine, the angle of buckets relative to fluid jet and the distance between nozzles and buckets. The presentation here is made only to cover the intellectual rights for this new technology and of course as advertisement for possible investors.
As it can be seen, the main idea of this technology is very simple: ejected liquid through the rotor nozzles has enough momentum to hit the external turbine buckets and set it in motion.
Although the turbine is expected to have a double yield related to a present one, the laws of momentum and energy conservations are respected. There is no energy or momentum coming from nothing. It is only the engineering trick how to use the properties of fluids in order to put them to work properly.
As anyone can imagine, with small adjustments the double drive principle can be applied in case of gas turbines too; this topic is going to be presented in a future newsletter.
By applying this new technology, there is going to be a better water management and at least a double output for any hydropower plant can be achieved.
There are some dams which have not high heads, and apparently the proposed technology is difficult to be applied in these cases.
It is a matter of simple engineering to manage the case of low heads hydropower plants and use some kind of mechanical pressure boosters in order to obtain a high efficiency in electricity production.
The pressure boosters can bee used even in case of high heads dams in order to have a better water management and further improve the yield.
As far there are two turbines moving in opposite directions the connection to electrical generator has to be further adjusted.
One possibility is to have a special designed electrical generator where both the coils and the magnets can rotate (with other words both the rotor and the stator can perform rotational motion).
Such new designed electric generator is going to be presented in a future newsletter.
The new technology can be adapted to present electrical generators, where only the rotor perform a rotational motion, but in this case some mechanisms are necessary in order to pick up both the internal and external turbine motion.
The second section of the newsletter analysis the topic of free fall kind of experiments along time: from antiquity up to the modern times.
In present days, Galileo experiments are part of the curriculum for introductory courses in physics.
A new theory of gravitation was proposed more than a quarter of century ago and it is high time to put it at work.
In the frame of new theory, Galileo kinds of experiments are valid only locally and they cannot be generalized at large scale.
The statement "all objects fall equally" is only approximately correct in the frame of new proposed theory.
This is only an introductory discussion, but in any case it is worth reminding that proposed new theory does not come with tricks or out of the pocket imaginary solutions.
In order to have a real idea about what is happening, it is necessary to leave the laboratory aside and have an experiment at a larger scale. With actual instrumentation, the scale of our Solar system is a satisfactory option and I have chosen the case of comet Shoemaker-Levy 9 as example for proposed experiment of free falling.
Of course in this case the free falling takes place in the gravitational field of Jupiter and not of Earth.
Except astronomers, I think few people know about the tragic destiny of this comet so a bit of reminder is necessary.
It is assumed that comet Shoemaker-Levy 9 was orbiting Jupiter for more than half a century, until it was ripped apart during a close encounter with the planet and collided with it two years later. The disruption occurred on 7 July 1992 when the comet passed within 0.0006 AU, or 90 thousand kilometers from the planet’s center. Since Jupiter has a radius of just over 70 thousand kilometers, the comet passed within about 20 thousand kilometers of the planet’s cloud tops.
One by one the icy fragments exploded in Jupiter’s atmosphere during a week time period, from 16 to 22 July 1994.
And now it is time to analyze what happened with this comet from 8 July 1992 up to 22 July 1994.
It is not important to talk how comets get fragmented because this is another dark mystery of astronomy. Relevant for the discussion is the fact comet broke up on 8 July 1992 in more pieces of which about 21 were bigger.
Here is the most important fact according to Galilean and General Relativity: after braking up, the fragments have to fall in the gravitational field of Jupiter with the same acceleration.
Anyone has seen how a feather and a ball get the same acceleration in a gravitational field!
The prediction of Galilean relativity or General relativity are identical in this case and although the comet get fragmented from some unknown causes, the fragments should move with the same speed on the orbit, stay close each others and hit Jupiter at the same moment of time.
The difference between expectation and what happened in the field can be observed in a picture taken by large camera from Hubble space telescope few months before the impact with Jupiter. The fragments of comet after breaking up, got different accelerations on their path, took different orbits and they formed like a strings of pearls before hitting Jupiter.
It is easy to be observed even for a layman that at larger scale, the experimental reality contradicts both the Galilean and General relativity and consequently the extrapolation of these concepts has brought only supplementary biases and errors in astronomy field.
What is the use of enormous amounts of money invested in astronomy during last centuries when the foundation of modern science is a fake….
The proposed theory rules out completely the General Relativity theory; GR is only a nice mathematical abstraction (aberration) without any physical connection. On the pleistoros.com there are already more articles about this topic.
The Galilean Relativity is going to be amended in order to be applicable at larger scale.
The link to this newsletter:https://www.pleistoros.com/en/
Sincerely
Sorin Coșofreț
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